Selenium Tutorial JAVA and JUnit in 7 Easy Steps

Selenium Tutorial Java and JUnit article will help you to learn Selenium Webdriver and its all features. I will explain the Selenium Webdriver step by step for beginners. After this article, you will create your first Selenium Testing project without any pain. Also, you can answer basic Selenium Interview Questions in test automation interviews. Let’s start to Learn Selenium Webdriver Java and JUnit.

Selenium Tutorial Java and JUnit Audience

This selenium tutorial is designed for beginners who have little or no automation experience. At the end of this selenium webdriver tutorial, you will have a web automation environment and you will write your first Selenium automation script.

Selenium Testing Prerequisites

Web Automation Framework: Selenium Webdriver

Development Kit: JAVA JDK

Web Browser: Chrome

Java Test Runner: JUnit

IDE: IntelliJ (I prefer IntelliJ) also you can go with Eclipse

Build System: Maven

Environment Editor (Optional): Rapid Environment Editor (RapidEE)

Nice to have: Before starting this tutorial, it is nice to have basic knowledge of JAVA or any other object-oriented programming languages.

Selenium Automation with Step-By-Step Instructions

Step-1: Installing Chrome

Link: Download Chrome

You can download the latest version of the Chrome web browser above link. When you downloaded the setup file, you can easily install it by pressing “Next” buttons.

Step-2: Installing Ranorex Selocity

Firebug and Firepath died! We can use Chrome and Ranorex Selocity plugin instead of them. You can find all the details for Ranorex Selocity in this article:  Ranorex Selocity Article.

Step-3: Installing Environment Editor

With RapidEE you can easily edit Windows Environment Variables. To get RapidEE, go to Download RapidEE and download a suitable version with respect to your windows operating system and install it by pressing “Next” buttons. When your installation finished, you will see the below screenshot.

Step-4: Installing JAVA JDK

Go to Java JDK Download Page and select the appropriate version of JDK and click “Accept License Agreement” and download JAVA JDK as shown below.

• After downloading JAVA JDK, you can install it by clicking “Next” buttons as shown below:

• Then we should check JAVA with command prompt by typing the following command “java –version”. This command will give us the JAVA version and this means we have successfully installed JAVA JDK.

Step-5: Installing Maven (Build Tool)

Based on the concept of the project object model (POM), Maven can manage a project’s build, reporting, and documentation from a central piece of information. It is the easiest way of installing Selenium. It can automatically download all dependencies which are written in your pom.xml file and build your project with standard project layout format. You can find all the details about maven from Maven HomePage.

To install maven first go to the download page (Download Maven) and click “binary zip archive”

Note: The latest version of maven is now 3.6.0 (23 March 2019 Update). Please do the same thing for the version 3.6.0

When you downloaded the installation file, then we should follow the instructions which are written on Maven Installation Instructions page.

1- First, copy “apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.zip” and paste under “C:\Program Files” and then extract it. After extracting the package it will look as below.

2- Set JAVA_HOME environment variable.

• Open RapidEE and click “Add new variable” button.

• Write “JAVA_HOME” as a variable name.

• Then press “F7” and select the JAVA JDK path (C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_60) and then click “OK” button. (Your JAVA version probably will be newer. Use your JAVA version instead of 1.8.0._60)

• Finally, save the changed setting by clicking the save icon.

3- Adding maven folder (C:\Program Files\apache-maven-3.6.0\bin) into the PATH variable.

• The first select path variable

• Then click “Add value to the current variable

• Copy and paste maven bin directory and press enter. Then click the save button.

4- Check maven installation is succeeded or not.

• Open a cmd window and type “mvn –v” then press enter. You should see below result.

Step-6: Installing IDE (IntelliJ)

We will write our test automation codes by using IDE. There is two major IDE version on the market now. They are Eclipse and IntelliJ. In this tutorial, I will go with IntelliJ. If you want to familiar with Eclipse you can go on with Eclipse IDE for this selenium tutorial.

JetBrains is developing IntelliJ and you can download its community edition version for free from their website. Its download link: Download IntelliJ

When you download the setup file, you can complete the installation by clicking the next buttons. It is so easy.

Step-7: Starting to Automate with Selenium Webdriver JUnit & Maven & IntelliJ

This is the most critical step of this tutorial. The IntelliJ versions are always updating but the flow is not changing dramatically so you can follow the below steps. Maybe you will face with some newer screens but the rest of the things will be the same.  If not, please ask your questions in the comment section.

At the end of this step, we will have done our first automation project. We are using Maven as our build tool so it will automatically download everything we need for web test automation. So, now let’s start to automate step-by-step.

1) Open IntelliJ and click “Create a New Project”

2) Select “Maven” as the project type and then browse the JAVA folder as Project SDK and then click the “Next” button.

3) Fill GroupId and ArtifactId for maven project as you wanted. In this selenium tutorial, I preferred to write “firstSeleniumTest”.

4) Give a name to your project and then click “Finish” button. I selected “firstSeleniumTest” as my project name.

5) After clicking “Finish” button, our project will be created and you will see below screen. Then, you should click “Enable Auto-Import”. Thus, when you change your pom.xml maven automatically imports the required files according to your changes.

6) You can see the project tree by clicking the arrow icons. In pom.xml we hold all of our maven information. Under the test -> java we will create our first selenium test automation file.

7) It’s time to get JUnit to automate our first Selenium test. Hence, you should go here: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api and copy Maven dependency code snippet.

8) Go to pom.xml file and create <dependencies> </dependencies> section and paste JUnit dependency into it. Before we clicked “Enable Auto-Import” so after pasting JUnit dependency, IntelliJ automatically imports related JUnit files into our project.

9) Now, we will get Selenium Webdriver. It will be our test automation framework. For this, you should go to Selenium Home Page, copy maven dependency and paste into our pom.xml’s dependencies section.

• After pasting Selenium dependency, IntelliJ automatically starts to download related files. The sample pom.xml is shown below.

Please update the versions if you see the newer ones. I updated this article on 23 March 2019 and I used the latest versions of this date.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>firstSeleniumTest</groupId>
    <artifactId>firstSeleniumTest</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

Finally, we finished preparing everything. Let’s start automation!

Note: You can check how to use Selenium 3.0 in this article.

Note: For Mac, you can just copy and paste the related driver under the project directory as shown below.

10) Go to project tree, right click on java folder, then go to New, and then click “Java Class”

11) After that give a name to your first automation test and then click “OK”.

12) If you want to organize your test files, you can put them into a package. To do this, Right click to java folder, click “Package”.

• Then give a name to a package and click “OK”.

• Drag&Drop FirstAutomation test file to our package.

• After that, our automation test file is located newly created package as shown below.

13) Now we will start to write test automation code for this selenium tutorial. I tried to emphasize important information with comments in the below code.

package com.swtestacademy.webdriver;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class FirstAutomationTest {
    //We should add @Test annotation that JUnit will run below method
    @Test
    //Start to write our test method.
    public void swTestAcademyTitleTest() {

        //Step 1- Driver Instantiation: Instantiate driver object as ChromeDriver
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

        //Step 2- Navigation: Open a website
        driver.navigate().to("https:/");

        //Step 3- Assertion: Check its title is correct
        //assertEquals method Parameters: Expected Value, Actual Value, Assertion Message
        assertEquals("Software Test Academy", driver.getTitle(), "Title check failed!");

        //Step 4- Close Driver
        driver.close();

        //Step 5- Quit Driver
        driver.quit();
    }
}

14) It is time to run the code! :) To do this you can click the run icon on the upper menu or right click test automation file and then click Run ‘FirstAutomationTest’ or you can just press ctrl+shift+F10

• If the test passed you will see this on the output screen as shown below.

• When the test is failed, the output screen will look like below. You will get detailed error info on the output screen.

IntelliJ Tips & Tricks

When you start to write your class, IntelliJ automatically shows all the classes start with your class’s first letters.

When you select your class, IntelliJ automatically imports related source classes.

IntelliJ automatically shows all Classes when you are instantiating an object.

After object name, if you put a dot, it shows that object’s methods.

Summary

• Installed Ranorex Selocity and learned their usage.
• Installed JAVA JDK.
• Installed Maven.
• Set required environmental variables for JAVA JDK and Maven.
• Installed IntelliJ and learned how to create a Maven project.
• Wrote our first selenium webdriver test automation code and run it.
• Learned important key points of IntelliJ while you are coding Selenium Webdriver Java and JUnit.

Next Selenium Webdriver Article

Click Next Selenium Webdriver Tutorial: Selenium Webdriver API

Selenium Webdriver Tutorial Series

[fusion_widget_area name=”avada-custom-sidebar-seleniumwidget” title_size=”” title_color=”” background_color=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””][/fusion_widget_area]

Onur Baskirt

Onur Baskirt is a Software Engineering Leader with international experience in world-class companies. Now, he is a Software Engineering Lead at Emirates Airlines in Dubai.